Question # 1
Who is network administrator?
Answer:-
Network administrator is responsible for the maintenance of computer hardware and software systems that make up a computer network including the maintenance and monitoring of active data network or converged infrastructure and related network equipment.
Network administrators are generally mid-level support staff within an organization and do not typically get involved directly with users. Network administrators focus on network components within a company's LAN/WAN infrastructure ensuring integrity. Depending on the company and its size, the network administrator may also design and deploy networks.
Question # 2
What is network management?
Answer:-
Network management is the operation, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAMP) of networked systems. Network management is essential to command and control practices and is generally carried out of a network operations center.
Question # 3
List the layers of the OSI reference model?
Answer:-
There are 7 OSI reference layers:
* Physical Layer
* Data Link Layer
* Network Layer
* Transport Layer
* Session Layer
* Presentation Layer
* Application Layer
Question # 4
Explain routers?
Answer:-
Routers can connect two or more network segments. These are intelligent network devices that store information in its routing table such as paths, hops and bottlenecks. With this info, they are able to determine the best path for data transfer. Routers operate at the OSI Network Layer.
Question # 5
Describe point to point link?
Answer:-
Anonymous FTP is a way of granting user access to files in public servers. Users that are allowed access to data in these servers do not need to identify themselves, but instead log in as an anonymous guest.
Question # 6
What is link?
Answer:-
A link refers to the connectivity between two devices. It includes the type of cables and protocols used in order for one device to be able to communicate with the other.
Question # 7
Explain backbone network?
Answer:-
A backbone network is a centralized infrastructure that is designed to distribute different routes and data to various networks. It also handles management of bandwidth and various channels.
Question # 8
Define LAN?
Answer:-
LAN is short for Local Area Network. It refers to the connection between computers and other network devices that are located within a small physical location.
Question # 9
Define node?
Answer:-
A node refers to a point or joint where a connection takes place. It can be computer or device that is part of a network. Two or more nodes are needed in order to form a network connection.
Question # 10
Explain subnet mask?
Answer:-
A subnet mask is combined with an IP address in order to identify two parts: the extended network address and the host address. Like an IP address, a subnet mask is made up of 32 bits.
Question # 11
Explain the maximum length allowed for a UTP cable?
Answer:-
A single segment of UTP cable has an allowable length of 90 to 100 meters. This limitation can be overcome by using repeaters and switches.
Question # 12
What can be considered as good passwords?
Answer:-
Good passwords are made up of not just letters, but by combining letters and numbers. A password that combines uppercase and lowercase letters is favorable than one that uses all upper case or all lower case letters. Passwords must be not words that can easily be guessed by hackers, such as dates, names, favorites, etc. Longer passwords are also better than short ones.
Question # 13
Define the number of network IDs in a class C network?
Answer:-
For a Class C network, the number of usable Network ID bits is 21. The number of possible network IDs is 2 raised to 21 or 2,097,152. The number of host IDs per network ID is 2 raised to 8 minus 2, or 254.
Question # 14
Tell me what happens when you use cables longer than the prescribed length?
Answer:-
Cables that are too long would result in signal loss. This means that data transmission and reception would be affected, because the signal degrades over length.
Question # 15
What common software problems can lead to network defects?
Answer:-
Software related problems can be any or a combination of the following:
* Client server problems
* Application conflicts
* Error in configuration
* Protocol mismatch
* Security issues
* User policy and rights issues
Question # 16
Tell me which protocol can be applied when you want to transfer files between different platforms, such between UNIX systems and Windows servers?
Answer:-
Use FTP (File Transfer Protocol) for file transfers between such different servers. This is possible because FTP is platform independent.
Question # 17
Explain the use of a default gateway?
Answer:-
Default gateways provide means for the local networks to connect to the external network. The default gateway for connecting to the external network is usually the address of the external router port.
Question # 18
Define the proper termination rate for UTP cables?
Answer:-
The proper termination for unshielded twisted pair network cable is 100 ohms.
Question # 19
Explain netstat?
Answer:-
Netstat is a command line utility program. It provides useful information about the current TCP/IP settings of a connection.
Question # 20
What is ping?
Answer:-
Ping is a utility program that allows you to check connectivity between network devices on the network. You can ping a device by using its IP address or device name, such as a computer name.
Question # 21
Define peer to peer?
Answer:-
Peer to peer are networks that does not reply on a server. All PCs on this network act as individual workstations.
Question # 22
Tell me what advantages does fiber optics have over other media?
Answer:-
One major advantage of fiber optics is that is it less susceptible to electrical interference. It also supports higher bandwidth, meaning more data can be transmitted and received. Signal degrading is also very minimal over long distances.
Question # 23
Can you please explain the difference between hub and a switch?
Answer:-
A hub acts as a multi-port repeater. However, as more and more devices connect to it, it would not be able to efficiently manage the volume of traffic that passes through it. A switch provides a better alternative that can improve the performance especially when high traffic volume is expected across all ports.
Question # 24
Explain DNS?
Answer:-
DNS is Domain Name System. The main function of this network service is to provide host names to TCP/IP address resolution.
Question # 25
List the different network protocols that are supported by Windows RRAS services?
Answer:-
There are three main network protocols supported: NetBEUI, TCP/IP, and IPX.
Question # 26
How maximum networks and hosts are in a class A, B and C network?
Answer:-
1) For Class A, there are 126 possible networks and 16,777,214 hosts
2) For Class B, there are 16,384 possible networks and 65,534 hosts
3) For Class C, there are 2,097,152 possible networks and 254 hosts
Question # 27
What is the standard color sequence of a straight-through cable?
Answer:-
Orange/white, orange, green/white, blue, blue/white, green, brown/white, brown.
Question # 28
Tell me what protocols fall under the application layer of the TCP/IP stack?
Answer:-
Following are the protocols under TCP/IP Application layer: FTP, TFTP, Telnet and SMTP.
Question # 29
Is it possible to connect two computers for file sharing without using a hub or router?
Answer:-
Yes, you can connect two computers together using only one cable. A crossover type cable can be use in this scenario. In this setup, the data transmit pin of one cable is connected to the data receive pin of the other cable, and vice versa.
Question # 30
Define ipconfig?
Answer:-
Ipconfig is a utility program that is commonly used to identify the addresses information of a computer on a network. It can show the physical address as well as the IP address.
Question # 31
Can you please explain the difference between straight-through and crossover cable?
Answer:-
A straight-through cable is used to connect computers to a switch, hub or router. A crossover cable is used to connect two similar devices together, such as a PC to PC or Hub to hub.
Question # 32
Explain client/server?
Answer:-
Client/server is a type of network wherein one or more computers act as servers. Servers provide a centralized repository of resources such as printers and files. Clients refers to workstation that access the server.
Question # 33
What is networking?
Answer:-
Networking refers to the inter connection between computers and peripherals for data communication. Networking can be done using wired cabling or through wireless link.
Question # 34
Suppose when you move the NIC cards from one PC to another PC, does the MAC address gets transferred as well?
Answer:-
Yes, that's because MAC addresses are hard-wired into the NIC circuitry, not the PC. This also means that a PC can have a different MAC address when the NIC card was replace by another one.
Question # 35
What is clustering support?
Answer:-
Clustering support refers to the ability of a network operating system to connect multiple servers in a fault-tolerant group. The main purpose of this is the in the event that one server fails, all processing will continue on with the next server in the cluster.
Question # 36
Suppose if a network which contains two servers and twenty workstations, where is the best place to install an Anti-virus program?
Answer:-
An anti-virus program must be installed on all servers and workstations to ensure protection. That's because individual users can access any workstation and introduce a computer virus when plugging in their removable hard drives or flash drives.
Question # 37
What is Ethernet?
Answer:-
Ethernet is one of the popular networking technologies used these days. It was developed during the early 1970s and is based on specifications as stated in the IEEE. Ethernet is used in local area networks.
Question # 38
Give some drawbacks of implementing a ring topology?
Answer:-
In case one workstation on the network suffers a malfunction, it can bring down the entire network. Another drawback is that when there are adjustments and reconfiguration's needed to be performed on a particular part of the network, the entire network has to be temporarily brought down as well.
Question # 39
Can you please explain the difference between CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA?
Answer:-
CSMA/CD, or Collision Detect, retransmits data frames whenever a collision occurred. CSMA/CA, or Collision Avoidance, will first broadcast intent to send prior to data transmission.
Question # 40
What is SMTP?
Answer:-
SMTP is short for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. This protocol deals with all Internal mail, and provides the necessary mail delivery services on the TCP/IP protocol stack.
Question # 41
Define multicast routing?
Answer:-
Multicast routing is a targeted form of broadcasting that sends message to a selected group of user, instead of sending it to all users on a subnet.
Question # 42
Explain the importance of encryption on a network?
Answer:-
Encryption is the process of translating information into a code that is unreadable by the user. It is then translated back or decrypted back to its normal readable format using a secret key or password. Encryption help ensure that information that is intercepted halfway would remain unreadable because the user has to have the correct password or key for it.
Question # 43
How are IP addresses arranged and displayed?
Answer:-
IP addresses are displayed as a series of four decimal numbers that are separated by period or dots. Another term for this arrangement is the dotted decimal format. An example is 192.168.164.8
Question # 44
Explain the importance of authentication?
Answer:-
Authentication is the process of verifying a user's credentials before he can log into the network. It is normally performed using a username and password. This provides a secure means of limiting the access from unwanted intruders on the network.
Question # 45
What is tunnel mode?
Answer:-
This is a mode of data exchange wherein two communicating computers do not use IPSec themselves. Instead, the gateway that is connecting their LANs to the transit network creates a virtual tunnel that uses the IPSec protocol to secure all communication that passes through it.
Who is network administrator?
Answer:-
Network administrator is responsible for the maintenance of computer hardware and software systems that make up a computer network including the maintenance and monitoring of active data network or converged infrastructure and related network equipment.
Network administrators are generally mid-level support staff within an organization and do not typically get involved directly with users. Network administrators focus on network components within a company's LAN/WAN infrastructure ensuring integrity. Depending on the company and its size, the network administrator may also design and deploy networks.
Question # 2
What is network management?
Answer:-
Network management is the operation, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAMP) of networked systems. Network management is essential to command and control practices and is generally carried out of a network operations center.
Question # 3
List the layers of the OSI reference model?
Answer:-
There are 7 OSI reference layers:
* Physical Layer
* Data Link Layer
* Network Layer
* Transport Layer
* Session Layer
* Presentation Layer
* Application Layer
Question # 4
Explain routers?
Answer:-
Routers can connect two or more network segments. These are intelligent network devices that store information in its routing table such as paths, hops and bottlenecks. With this info, they are able to determine the best path for data transfer. Routers operate at the OSI Network Layer.
Question # 5
Describe point to point link?
Answer:-
Anonymous FTP is a way of granting user access to files in public servers. Users that are allowed access to data in these servers do not need to identify themselves, but instead log in as an anonymous guest.
Question # 6
What is link?
Answer:-
A link refers to the connectivity between two devices. It includes the type of cables and protocols used in order for one device to be able to communicate with the other.
Question # 7
Explain backbone network?
Answer:-
A backbone network is a centralized infrastructure that is designed to distribute different routes and data to various networks. It also handles management of bandwidth and various channels.
Question # 8
Define LAN?
Answer:-
LAN is short for Local Area Network. It refers to the connection between computers and other network devices that are located within a small physical location.
Question # 9
Define node?
Answer:-
A node refers to a point or joint where a connection takes place. It can be computer or device that is part of a network. Two or more nodes are needed in order to form a network connection.
Question # 10
Explain subnet mask?
Answer:-
A subnet mask is combined with an IP address in order to identify two parts: the extended network address and the host address. Like an IP address, a subnet mask is made up of 32 bits.
Question # 11
Explain the maximum length allowed for a UTP cable?
Answer:-
A single segment of UTP cable has an allowable length of 90 to 100 meters. This limitation can be overcome by using repeaters and switches.
Question # 12
What can be considered as good passwords?
Answer:-
Good passwords are made up of not just letters, but by combining letters and numbers. A password that combines uppercase and lowercase letters is favorable than one that uses all upper case or all lower case letters. Passwords must be not words that can easily be guessed by hackers, such as dates, names, favorites, etc. Longer passwords are also better than short ones.
Question # 13
Define the number of network IDs in a class C network?
Answer:-
For a Class C network, the number of usable Network ID bits is 21. The number of possible network IDs is 2 raised to 21 or 2,097,152. The number of host IDs per network ID is 2 raised to 8 minus 2, or 254.
Question # 14
Tell me what happens when you use cables longer than the prescribed length?
Answer:-
Cables that are too long would result in signal loss. This means that data transmission and reception would be affected, because the signal degrades over length.
Question # 15
What common software problems can lead to network defects?
Answer:-
Software related problems can be any or a combination of the following:
* Client server problems
* Application conflicts
* Error in configuration
* Protocol mismatch
* Security issues
* User policy and rights issues
Question # 16
Tell me which protocol can be applied when you want to transfer files between different platforms, such between UNIX systems and Windows servers?
Answer:-
Use FTP (File Transfer Protocol) for file transfers between such different servers. This is possible because FTP is platform independent.
Question # 17
Explain the use of a default gateway?
Answer:-
Default gateways provide means for the local networks to connect to the external network. The default gateway for connecting to the external network is usually the address of the external router port.
Question # 18
Define the proper termination rate for UTP cables?
Answer:-
The proper termination for unshielded twisted pair network cable is 100 ohms.
Question # 19
Explain netstat?
Answer:-
Netstat is a command line utility program. It provides useful information about the current TCP/IP settings of a connection.
Question # 20
What is ping?
Answer:-
Ping is a utility program that allows you to check connectivity between network devices on the network. You can ping a device by using its IP address or device name, such as a computer name.
Question # 21
Define peer to peer?
Answer:-
Peer to peer are networks that does not reply on a server. All PCs on this network act as individual workstations.
Question # 22
Tell me what advantages does fiber optics have over other media?
Answer:-
One major advantage of fiber optics is that is it less susceptible to electrical interference. It also supports higher bandwidth, meaning more data can be transmitted and received. Signal degrading is also very minimal over long distances.
Question # 23
Can you please explain the difference between hub and a switch?
Answer:-
A hub acts as a multi-port repeater. However, as more and more devices connect to it, it would not be able to efficiently manage the volume of traffic that passes through it. A switch provides a better alternative that can improve the performance especially when high traffic volume is expected across all ports.
Question # 24
Explain DNS?
Answer:-
DNS is Domain Name System. The main function of this network service is to provide host names to TCP/IP address resolution.
Question # 25
List the different network protocols that are supported by Windows RRAS services?
Answer:-
There are three main network protocols supported: NetBEUI, TCP/IP, and IPX.
Question # 26
How maximum networks and hosts are in a class A, B and C network?
Answer:-
1) For Class A, there are 126 possible networks and 16,777,214 hosts
2) For Class B, there are 16,384 possible networks and 65,534 hosts
3) For Class C, there are 2,097,152 possible networks and 254 hosts
Question # 27
What is the standard color sequence of a straight-through cable?
Answer:-
Orange/white, orange, green/white, blue, blue/white, green, brown/white, brown.
Question # 28
Tell me what protocols fall under the application layer of the TCP/IP stack?
Answer:-
Following are the protocols under TCP/IP Application layer: FTP, TFTP, Telnet and SMTP.
Question # 29
Is it possible to connect two computers for file sharing without using a hub or router?
Answer:-
Yes, you can connect two computers together using only one cable. A crossover type cable can be use in this scenario. In this setup, the data transmit pin of one cable is connected to the data receive pin of the other cable, and vice versa.
Question # 30
Define ipconfig?
Answer:-
Ipconfig is a utility program that is commonly used to identify the addresses information of a computer on a network. It can show the physical address as well as the IP address.
Question # 31
Can you please explain the difference between straight-through and crossover cable?
Answer:-
A straight-through cable is used to connect computers to a switch, hub or router. A crossover cable is used to connect two similar devices together, such as a PC to PC or Hub to hub.
Question # 32
Explain client/server?
Answer:-
Client/server is a type of network wherein one or more computers act as servers. Servers provide a centralized repository of resources such as printers and files. Clients refers to workstation that access the server.
Question # 33
What is networking?
Answer:-
Networking refers to the inter connection between computers and peripherals for data communication. Networking can be done using wired cabling or through wireless link.
Question # 34
Suppose when you move the NIC cards from one PC to another PC, does the MAC address gets transferred as well?
Answer:-
Yes, that's because MAC addresses are hard-wired into the NIC circuitry, not the PC. This also means that a PC can have a different MAC address when the NIC card was replace by another one.
Question # 35
What is clustering support?
Answer:-
Clustering support refers to the ability of a network operating system to connect multiple servers in a fault-tolerant group. The main purpose of this is the in the event that one server fails, all processing will continue on with the next server in the cluster.
Question # 36
Suppose if a network which contains two servers and twenty workstations, where is the best place to install an Anti-virus program?
Answer:-
An anti-virus program must be installed on all servers and workstations to ensure protection. That's because individual users can access any workstation and introduce a computer virus when plugging in their removable hard drives or flash drives.
Question # 37
What is Ethernet?
Answer:-
Ethernet is one of the popular networking technologies used these days. It was developed during the early 1970s and is based on specifications as stated in the IEEE. Ethernet is used in local area networks.
Question # 38
Give some drawbacks of implementing a ring topology?
Answer:-
In case one workstation on the network suffers a malfunction, it can bring down the entire network. Another drawback is that when there are adjustments and reconfiguration's needed to be performed on a particular part of the network, the entire network has to be temporarily brought down as well.
Question # 39
Can you please explain the difference between CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA?
Answer:-
CSMA/CD, or Collision Detect, retransmits data frames whenever a collision occurred. CSMA/CA, or Collision Avoidance, will first broadcast intent to send prior to data transmission.
Question # 40
What is SMTP?
Answer:-
SMTP is short for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. This protocol deals with all Internal mail, and provides the necessary mail delivery services on the TCP/IP protocol stack.
Question # 41
Define multicast routing?
Answer:-
Multicast routing is a targeted form of broadcasting that sends message to a selected group of user, instead of sending it to all users on a subnet.
Question # 42
Explain the importance of encryption on a network?
Answer:-
Encryption is the process of translating information into a code that is unreadable by the user. It is then translated back or decrypted back to its normal readable format using a secret key or password. Encryption help ensure that information that is intercepted halfway would remain unreadable because the user has to have the correct password or key for it.
Question # 43
How are IP addresses arranged and displayed?
Answer:-
IP addresses are displayed as a series of four decimal numbers that are separated by period or dots. Another term for this arrangement is the dotted decimal format. An example is 192.168.164.8
Question # 44
Explain the importance of authentication?
Answer:-
Authentication is the process of verifying a user's credentials before he can log into the network. It is normally performed using a username and password. This provides a secure means of limiting the access from unwanted intruders on the network.
Question # 45
What is tunnel mode?
Answer:-
This is a mode of data exchange wherein two communicating computers do not use IPSec themselves. Instead, the gateway that is connecting their LANs to the transit network creates a virtual tunnel that uses the IPSec protocol to secure all communication that passes through it.
